This chapter is an attempt to think about secularization through the heterodox strains in religion, in such a way as to push back the history of secularism to a point before the consolidation of mainstream world religions. I contend that a focus on heterodoxies in religion complicates a straightforward binary opposition between secularism and religion and promotes a long view of history in which the heterogeneous fragments comprising religious formations are illuminated, leading to questions that challenge a chronology of secularism based on a narrative that reads the diminishing place of religion in public life as the catalyst for a secular outlook.