This chapter introduces the reader to the content of the book. Throughout this book, there is an emphasis upon the importance of (1) enhancing ecological validity via a move from construct-driven assessments to tests that are representative of real-world functions—it is argued that this will proffer results that are generalizable for prediction of functional performance across a range of situations; (2) the potential of computerized neuropsychological assessment devices (CNADs) to enhance standardization of administration; accuracy of timing presentation and response latencies; ease of administration and data collection; and reliable and randomized presentation of stimuli for repeat administrations; and (3) novel technologies to allow for precise presentation and control of dynamic perceptual stimuli. This will provide ecologically valid assessments that combine the veridical control and rigor of laboratory measures with a verisimilitude that reflects real-life situations.